xrd // R&D ExpenseResearch and Development Expense (USD millions)
R&D expense; missing values are commonly treated as zero in finance research (debatable)
| 数据集 | compustat_na · Compustat North America Annual Fundamentals |
| 类型 | continuous |
| 角色 | iv,control |
| 数据文件 | main |
| 关键词 | r&dresearchinnovation |
| Determinants of corporate leverage | iv |