Compustat North America Annual file (FUNDA via WRDS). Standardised firm-year accounting fundamentals for US and Canadian listed companies. The international workhorse for empirical finance and accounting research; international counterpart to CSMAR.
FUNDA — annual · 更新：rolling — typically 60-90 days after fiscal year-end · 官方页面Compustat North America Annual Fundamentals 共收录 22 个变量——其中常被用作因变量的 3 个、用作核心自变量的 14 个、用作控制变量的 14 个。本数据集常见的研究方向包括：Determinants of corporate leverage、Investment-cashflow sensitivity。
Determinants of corporate leverage：因变量 dltt，核心自变量 at、ppent、oibdp，建议控制 sic、fyear。
Investment-cashflow sensitivity：因变量 capx，核心自变量 oibdp、che，建议控制 at、sic、fyear。
| 变量名 | 标签 | 类型/角色 | 数据文件 | 说明 · 关键词 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| gvkey | Global Company Key Global Company Key (Compustat firm ID) | identifier / identifier | main | Permanent firm identifier — the canonical Compustat firm key gvkeyfirmid |
| fyear | Fiscal Year Fiscal Year | identifier / identifier | main | Fiscal year of observation; with gvkey forms the panel key yearfiscaltime |
| datadate | Data Date Fiscal Period End Date | identifier / control | main | Last day of the fiscal period datefiscalperiod |
| cusip | CUSIP CUSIP (9-digit) | identifier / identifier | main | 9-digit CUSIP — used for merging with CRSP cusip |
| tic | Ticker Ticker Symbol | identifier / identifier | main | Stock ticker ticker |
| cik | CIK SEC Central Index Key | identifier / identifier | main | SEC Central Index Key — used for matching with EDGAR filings ciksec |
| sic | SIC Code SIC Industry Code (Historical) | categorical / control | main | Standard Industrial Classification code (historical) industrysic |
| naics | NAICS Code NAICS Industry Code | categorical / control | main | North American Industry Classification System code industrynaics |
| at | Total Assets Total Assets (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Total assets in USD millions; common log-size proxy assetssizetotal assets |
| lt | Total Liabilities Total Liabilities (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Total liabilities liabilitiesleverage |
| dltt | Long-term Debt Long-term Debt (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Long-term debt component of total liabilities debtleveragelong-term |
| dlc | Debt in Current Liabilities Short-term Debt (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Debt due in next 12 months debtshort-term |
| ceq | Common Equity Common Book Equity (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Common shareholders' book equity equitybook value |
| sale | Sales/Revenue Net Sales / Revenue (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Net sales / total revenue salesrevenue |
| ni | Net Income Net Income (USD millions) | continuous / dv,iv | main | Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders net incomeearningsprofit |
| oibdp | Operating Income Before Depreciation Operating Income Before Depreciation (EBITDA proxy) | continuous / dv,iv | main | Operating income before depreciation; standard EBITDA proxy in Compustat operating incomeebitda |
| che | Cash and ST Investments Cash & Short-term Investments (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Cash and short-term investments — denominator of cash holdings ratio cashliquidity |
| ppent | PP&E Net Property, Plant & Equipment — Net (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Net PP&E — used as tangibility numerator (PPE/AT) ppetangibilityfixed assets |
| xrd | R&D Expense Research and Development Expense (USD millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | R&D expense; missing values are commonly treated as zero in finance research (debatable) r&dresearchinnovation |
| capx | Capital Expenditures Capital Expenditures (USD millions) | continuous / dv,iv | main | Capital expenditures — investment-rate numerator capxinvestmentcapital expenditure |
| prcc_f | Price Close Fiscal Year Stock Price at Fiscal Year-end (USD) | continuous / iv,control | main | Closing share price at fiscal year-end; with csho gives market cap pricestockmarket value |
| csho | Common Shares Outstanding Common Shares Outstanding (millions) | continuous / iv,control | main | Common shares outstanding (millions) at fiscal year-end sharesoutstanding |
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